The Magna Carta was a document agreed by King John of England on June 15 1215. It was drafted as a result of heavy taxation and unsuccessful polices put in place by King John. It established that the king was no different then any other civilian when it came to the law. While it was not very successful at first it laid the cornerstone for English law. Aside for its failure at first it was the basis for english law as well as for American Law.
The founding fathers took inspiration from it when declaring independence from England, speciffaly from the 39th clause. “No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned, disseised, outlawed, banished, or in any way destroyed, nor will we proceed against or prosecute him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers and by the law of the land.” With this governments were are not allowed to arrest without probable cause and guarantees the right to due process. This is a staple in the American judicial system otherwise known as the 5th amendment, many cases are thrown out as a result unlawful arrests and due process not being granted.
http://www.history.com/topics/british-history/magna-carta
http://www.livescience.com/34289-what-is-the-significance-of-the-magna-carta.html
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